SECRETS OF NOLLYWOOD SUCCESS REVEALEDg

Nollywood, Nigeria’s booming film industry, has grown in recent years into a mighty movie-making machine, capturing audiences with its universal themes and strong narratives of urban culture.

The mega industry, one of Nigeria’s biggest employers, has been notorious for churning out more than 1,000 typically low-budget films a year, fusing a wide array of stories ranging from romance and drama to comedy and witchcraft.

It is currently the third-largest producer of feature films in world, ranking behind only Hollywood in the U.S. and India’s Bollywood revenue.

And lately, instead of relying on shoe-string budgets, many Nollywood movies are attracting funding of a few million dollars, benefiting from the films’ growing popularity.

But while the industry gets bigger, insiders say Nollywood has remained true to its recipe for success — its connection with the audience.

Nigerian director Lancelot Imasuen, who is currently working on a $2 million film called “Invasion 1987,” says Nollywood movies are made for Nigerians and the rest of the continent.

“People get in touch with [Nollywood's] direct realism,” says Imasuen. “People are getting more and more interested, more and more involved in our productions because they can feel the pains, they can feel the excitement, it’s so real to them.”

Read more: Nigerian blockbusters for the internet generation

Imasuen, a pioneering filmmaker with more than 10 years of experience, says that Nollywood’s themes strike a familiar chord with the audience making them feel part of the stories.

And that, he says, is the industry’s big advantage compared to the competition posed by Hollywood productions.

“For us in Africa, we just get entertained by American films,” says Imasuen. “When I’m watching Spiderman or Batman and all that, its just for spectacle. I’m just having fun because I know its not realistic for the guy just to fly here and there — there is nothing that relates to us as individuals.”

Read more: ’New Nigeria Cinema’ sparks Nollywood renaissance

Known in Nollywood’s circles as “The Governor,” Imasuen is one of the most sought after names in Nigerian filmmaking — he once directed 29 movies in just one year, 27 of which were big hits.

People are getting more and more interested because they can feel the pains, they can feel the excitement, it’s so real to them.
Lancelot Imasuen, director

“That’s my job, that’s the never say die spirit of the Nigerian man,” he explains.

“If you can’t get it this way, you have to do it this way and so I tried to do right. And for me that was a great challenge and when you’re good at what you’re doing, there is a tendency that people call you to do more,” adds Imasuen.

Read more: Exhibition shows off the art of Nollywood

“And before you know it, you don’t have time to even lie on your bed for 30 days or 365 days of the year.”

In fact, it is the hard work and dedication of people like Imasuen that have helped Nollywood to grow and become a thriving industry in the last two decades

“If you spend any time in Nigeria, it is difficult to come across a person who hasn’t heard of Nollywood,” says Jason Njoku, founder of iROKO Partners, an internet company that distributes Nollywood films to online viewers across the world.

“But at the same time, the pan-African nature of it — from the Kenyans to the Ghanaians to Gambians to people in the DRC — there’s a massive base of people who really love this content.”

The thriving industry is constantly attracting new talents — aspiring film stars looking to follow in the steps of already established Nollywood names.

One up-and-coming actress is Uru Eke, a newer face in Nollywood who has followed an unconventional path to stardom.

Born in the UK, Eke went to university and began a career in information technology that lasted for five years before deciding to pursue her lifelong dream of becoming an actress in Nigeria.

Eke, who is among the stars of Nollywood’s latest hit movie “Last flight to Abuja,” says her goal is to become one of the top names in the industry.

“I’m working hard and I’m very hopeful, it’s just the positive attitude and the strength that I have to get there,” she says. “Nigeria is by no means the easiest place to start a business or a career, but I think it’s the tenacity, the spirit to succeed despite the odds, that can always drive you to reach your goal, actualize your dream. So with that spirit that I have, I know the sky’s my limit.”

Going forward, Imasuen says that raising funds to develop story ideas and train new talents is still one of Nollywood’s biggest challenges.

“The intellect, the inspiration, the creativity, they all abound, but the truth of the matter is the challenges almost exceeds the goodness,” he says.

But despite all the difficulties, Imasuen says that he and his peers will continue doing what they love in order to help Nollywood grow even further.

“We’ve been able to build a profile over the years,” he says. “We’re ready for the change, we’re ready for the time and we still want to maintain the Nigerian way of making film, but globalizing it.”

CHICK-FIL-A, FAST FOOD GIANT GOES TO WAR WITH ONE-MAN BUSINESS

Bo Muller-Moore sells $25 hand-stenciled “Eat More Kale” T-shirts that he cranks out one at a time in his Vermont home, and this has ruffled the feathers of Chick-fil-A.

The fast-food chain, which rang up $3.5 billion in sales in 2010, is trying to put Muller-Moore out of business—for the second time in five years. Chick-fil-A, which is second only to king-of-the-fast-food-coop KFC, considers him a threat to the brand.

Chick-fil-A says Muller-Moore’s T-shirt business, founded in 2000, infringes on its trademarked slogan “Eat Mor Chikin.” It’s a [deliberately-misspelled] advertising campaign the Atlanta-based chain launched in 1995 and, according to the company website, changed the burger-eating landscape forever. The message “reaches millions—on television, radio, the Internet, and the occasional water tower,” explains the website. (The closest Chick-fil-A to Vermont is in Nashua, N.H., more than 120 miles away.)

Chick-fil-A first came after Muller-Moore in 2006, with a letter demanding that the artist—who also posts screenprinting instructional videos at eatmorekale.com—cease and desist from printing T-shirts and send Chick-fil-A any inventory.

“Man, it knocked the wind out of me,” Muller-Moore, 39, told the Burlington Free Press. “I make my living as a foster parent. At the time, I had one small child. I now have two of my own. My business has grown every year. I’m certainly not getting rich. I can’t live on it. It’s the foster parenting gig that pays the bills, but that said, the business is growing every year. I’m in it for the long haul.”

Muller-Moore applied to the Vermont Arts Council for free legal help, and a lawyer wrote some letters on his behalf. It seemed Chick-fil-A backed down. But then in August Muller-Moore applied for a U.S. trademark for “Eat More Kale” to use the phrase on a range of clothing and stickers.

Chick-fil-A cried fowl. In October of 2011 the company’s lawyers sent a letter to Muller-Moore, noting that the company owns numerous U.S. and international trademarks and copyrights for both “Eat Mor Chikin” and for cows holding sandwich-boards reading “Eat Mor Chikin.”

“Your client’s Eat More Kale Mark plays off of and imitates Chick-fil-A’s valuable ‘Eat Mor Chikin’ Intellectual Property by using a prefix confusingly similar to Chick-fil-A’s federally-registered ‘Eat Mor Chikin’ trademarks,” Chick-Fil-A’s lawyer wrote to Muller-Moore’s, according to the Free Press. “Your client’s misappropriation of Chick-fil-A’s ‘Eat Mor Chikin’ intellectual property, to play off of and benefit from the extraordinary fame and goodwill of Chick-fil-A’s trademarks, copyrights and popular promotional campaign, is likely to cause confusion of the public and dilutes the distinctiveness of Chick-fil-A’s intellectual property and diminishes its value. Such actions constitute trademark infringement, dilution and unfair competition in violation of federal and state law.”

The six-page letter notes that Chick-fil-A has successfully defended against 30 other “Eat More” phrases, including “Eat More Goat” and “Eat More Beer,” and says the chicken chain has won lawsuits against Burger King Corp. and others. (In 2000, Chick-fil-A objected to a Burger King ad where animated poultry from the film Chicken Run held up signs reading “Save the Chickens: Eat a Whopper.”)

The letter asks that Muller-Moore abandon his trademark application, “cease and forever desist” all plans to use the phrase “Eat More Kale” for his business—and transfer the eatmorekale.com domain name to Chick-fil-A. (It says the chicken chain would not object to Muller-Moore using “Eat Kale” or eatkale.com.”)

Muller-Moore’s lawyer has fired off a five-page response, which observes that no one is likely to confuse the two slogans.

“My client’s phrase shares only six out of twelve of the same letters as your client’s phrase and none of the imagery or conceits,” Richardson writes. “My client has no cow designs which appear in conjunction with the phrase ‘Eat More Kale.’”

Whether one is likely to be confused with the other may be less at issue than whether Chick-fil-A can be seen to be lax in its defense of its own trademarks.

“If a trademark owner fails to protect their trademark, they run the risk of losing it,” wrote Steve O’Donnell, a Lancaster, Pa., trademark attorney, of a 2010 case where Chick-fil-A complained about an Orlando area fruit and vegetable market using the slogan “Eat More Produce.”